Original video: https://youtu.be/0hfSwWn2s3w Practical on: 1 April 2026 Welcome to the AGR4301 Advanced Crop Physiology laboratory session! In this practical, we explore the environmental factors that drive plant productivity by using duckweed ( Lemna spp.) as our fast-growing model organism. This video walks you through Experiment 1: The Impacts of Light Conditions and Nutrient Solutions on Duckweed Growth and Physiological Responses. We investigate how external environmenta

Practical manuals Example of Lab Reports Welcome to the crop physiology practical for the Seed Viability and Seed Moisture Content practical sessions of the Crop Physiology (AGR3301) course! Accurate assessment of seed quality is vital for predicting crop performance and ensuring optimal storage. We demonstrate and compare three distinct approaches for assessing the seed viability: 1. Tetrazolium (TZ) Test (Chemical/Quick Test): Learn how to use this rapid chemical method to

Original video: https://youtu.be/HOSm8N-hD3I Class on: 31 March 2026 Welcome to the AGR4301 Advanced Crop Physiology laboratory session! In this class, we delve into the world of Duckweed ( Lemna spp.), a fast-growing aquatic model organism used to study how cellular processes in the chloroplast and mitochondrion translate to whole-plant performance and crop yield. Through this experiments, students need to manipulate environmental variables to understand how external factor

Light is one of the most fundamental factors driving plant growth, yet it is often oversimplified as just “sunlight.” In reality, light is a complex form of energy with multiple dimensions that directly influence plant physiology, productivity, and agricultural innovation. 🌟 What is Light? Light is a form of radiant energy  that travels incredibly fast—about 300,000 km per second . It has a unique dual nature , meaning it behaves as both: A wave  (like ocean waves or sound w

Original video: https://youtu.be/x9MtpyMVK2E Ride on: 30 March 2026 Continue the journey through Kuala Lumpur’s Garden Route as we move from royal heritage to modern shopping districts. This segment of the KL Hop-On Hop-Off bus tour transitions from the majestic gates of the monarchy into the bustling urban landscape of the city’s northern edge. We start at Stop 21 (National Palace / Istana Negara), leaving behind the golden domes and royal guards. The bus then winds through

Original video: https://youtu.be/YVm-eMMSwYc Explore the foundational physiological processes of Seed Germination and Dormancy  in this comprehensive lesson from the AGR3301 Crop Physiology  course at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) . This module transitions from growth analysis to the critical start of the plant life cycle, focusing on how internal mechanisms and environmental factors determine successful crop establishment. 📌 What is this lecture about? This lecture introd

Original video: https://youtu.be/R_HklPhGnYA Ride on: 30 March 2026 Experience the transition from Malaysia’s modern transit core to the majestic heritage of the monarchy in this segment of the KL Hop-On Hop-Off Garden Route. This ride takes us from the bustling hub of the city to one of Kuala Lumpur's most photographed landmarks. We begin at Stop 19 (KL Sentral), the nation's largest transport interchange and a gateway to the city's various districts. As the open-top bus win

Original video: https://youtu.be/jRFGSIgRxuA Ride on: 30 March 2026 Join us for a scenic open-top bus journey through the Garden Route of Kuala Lumpur! In this video, we hop on at Stop 1 (Sungei Wang Plaza) in Bukit Bintang and ride all the way to Stop 19 (KL Sentral). Sit back and enjoy the breeze as we transition from the bustling city center to the lush greenery of KL's famous landmarks. This route is perfect for seeing the "Green Heart" of the city, passing through histor

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND GENERAL CONCLUSION The present research employs a novel strategy by briefly enriching CO 2  (eCO 2 ) in the rice plant briefly during its early seedling stage before being transplanted into a conventional farming area, rather than continuously supplying CO 2  as commonly practised. This study has proven that a CO 2  source derived naturally from baker's yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) fermentation is a useful carbon source in perform

1.1 Introduction World food consumption in the next 30 years is expected to rise by at least 60% over 2006 levels due to expanding population, according to FAO (2016). As a result, rice output will need to improve to significantly fulfil this 60% increase in need. The rapid increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration has been a critical worldwide climate concern. The current historical record of atmospheric CO 2  reached a climax of 415 ppm in January 2021 (E