Whether it is a seedling pushing through the soil or a fruit ripening on a branch, every movement a plant makes is orchestrated by complex chemical messengers known as Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) or Phytohormones. Derived from the Greek word hormaein, meaning "to excite," these natural molecules work in minute concentrations to produce substantial physiological changes. What Defines a Phytohormone? Unlike animals, plants do not have specialised glands for hormone product

https://youtu.be/PqQIvCWd6Dg Summary Technical training session established standardised ImageJ measurement protocols for quantifying auxin experiment root growth and length. ImageJ Setup and Scaling: Participants installed the ImageJ software and configured image scaling by setting rulers to establish consistent pixel-to-millimetre units. Counting and Measuring Roots: Researchers utilised multi-point tools for root counting and freehand tracing for curvature measurement. Ea

Submit by group, not individually, so play nice, you all. A. [10%] Answer Questions 1 to 40, find the answers in the picture and puzzle below, the words are in anagram form, find the anagram form and write the real words, then also find the answers in the crossword puzzles, highlight the answer using the pencil colour provided (Sample answers have been provided). B. [5%] Create a video about 10 min, with your group talking about anything that you have learned so far i

1. Introduction Growth analysis is a mathematical expression of environmental effects on the growth and development of crop plants. Classical growth analysis typically requires the destructive harvesting of representative sets of plants over several weeks, making it impossible to follow the same plant throughout an entire experiment. This practical introduces a non-destructive, single-harvest alternative by utilizing a space-for-time substitution. By examining a single frond

Introduction & Theory Plant propagation through stem cuttings is a fast and cost-effective technique that maintains the genetic traits of the parent plant. The success of this method depends heavily on the rapid formation of adventitious roots. This process is regulated by plant hormones called auxins, which stimulate cell division in the stem's vascular tissues. Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is a widely used synthetic auxin because of its stability and effectiveness across man

🎯 Aim To determine the water potential of potato tissue by immersing potato cylinders in sucrose solutions of different concentrations and measuring the percentage change in mass. 🧰 Materials Fresh potato Cork borer (to cut uniform circular cylinders) Scalpel and ruler (to trim equal lengths) Balance (±0.01 g) Blotting paper/tissue 6 labelled beakers or test tubes 50 mL each of sucrose solutions: 0.0 M, 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.3 M, 0.4 M, 0.5 M Timer Graph paper or excel spreadshee

Practical manuals Example of Lab Reports Welcome to the crop physiology practical for the Seed Viability and Seed Moisture Content practical sessions of the Crop Physiology (AGR3301) course! Accurate assessment of seed quality is vital for predicting crop performance and ensuring optimal storage. We demonstrate and compare three distinct approaches for assessing the seed viability: 1. Tetrazolium (TZ) Test (Chemical/Quick Test): Learn how to use this rapid chemical method to

Original video: https://youtu.be/YVm-eMMSwYc Explore the foundational physiological processes of Seed Germination and Dormancy in this comprehensive lesson from the AGR3301 Crop Physiology course at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) . This module transitions from growth analysis to the critical start of the plant life cycle, focusing on how internal mechanisms and environmental factors determine successful crop establishment. 📌 What is this lecture about? This lecture introd

Original video: https://youtu.be/u9ISc6KpECY Lecture on: 30 March 2026 Welcome to the introductory session for AGR3301: Crop Physiology (Fisiologi Tanaman). This core course at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) provides a comprehensive look at the internal processes and functions of crops. In this video, we break down the course syllabus, essential learning outcomes, and the assessment structure to help you navigate the semester successfully. We will explore how physiological m

Download GPS Status & Toolbox app here: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.eclipsim.gpsstatus2&hl=en Download Easy Leaf Area app here: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.eclipsim.gpsstatus2&hl=en Download Easy Leaf Area app here: Full lab manual 🌱 Overview This experiment studies how different nutrient solutions affect the growth of duckweed ( Lemna s p.) , a fast-growing aquatic plant. You will measure plant growth using: Leaf Area Biomass (

Selamat datang ke perjalanan agronomik anda! Kursus ini direka untuk memberi anda pemahaman menyeluruh tentang bagaimana tumbuhan "bekerja" dari dalam. Anda tidak hanya akan duduk mendengar teori, tetapi juga akan "turun padang" untuk merasai sendiri pengalaman saintifik di makmal.

3 Ways to Measure Cassava Leaf Area: Which Method is the Best?

Original video: https://youtu.be/vV9NjHA5uOg Welcome to the essential video guide for the AGR3301 Crop Physiology Experiment. In this lab, we shift our focus from traditional land plants to duckweed, a "super-crop" capable of doubling its biomass in as little as 16 to 48 hours. This video will walk you through the entire experimental process, from the initial setup to final data analysis. Phase 1: Materials collection (Day 0) At the Laboratory: 1. Go to the Physiology Lab (Bl

Original video: https://youtu.be/YFbNa2doekw Practical on: 29/10/25 Welcome to the crop physiology practical for the Seed Viability and Seed Moisture Content practical sessions of the Crop Physiology (AGR3301) course! Accurate assessment of seed quality is vital for predicting crop performance and ensuring optimal storage. We demonstrate and compare three distinct approaches for assessing the seed viability: 1. Tetrazolium (TZ) Test (Chemical/Quick Test): Learn how to use th

Original video: https://youtu.be/-l02lNP1pO4 Delivered on: 29 MARCH 2023 This video provides a comprehensive guide to seed viability testing using the tetrazolium test (TZ test), a rapid and reliable method for assessing seed quality. 🌿 We'll explore the science behind seed germination and demonstrate the step-by-step procedure for conducting the TZ test. The food for the germinating seedling may be stored in part of the embryo itself, such as the fleshy cotyledons of a be